由 dawei 副标题#e#
我有Ubuntu 13.10(内核3.11.0-19-通用).启动时,网络配置如下：
dor@ubuntu:~$sudo ifconfig -a
em1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 44:37:e6:4c:ca:0a
inet addr:10.1.0.102 Bcast:10.1.7.255 Mask:255.255.248.0
inet6 addr: fe80::4637:e6ff:fe4c:ca0a/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:732 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:79 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:68789 (68.7 KB) TX bytes:12907 (12.9 KB)
Interrupt:20 Memory:fe600000-fe620000
eth5 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0a:5e:50:cf:1e
BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
Interrupt:20 Base address:0xa000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:101 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:101 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:8485 (8.4 KB) TX bytes:8485 (8.4 KB)
p4p1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:15:17:0b:6d:1c
inet addr:192.168.1.2 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::215:17ff:fe0b:6d1c/64 Scope:Link
inet6 addr: fc00::215:17ff:fe0b:6d1c/64 Scope:Global
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:41 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:100 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:4062 (4.0 KB) TX bytes:15981 (15.9 KB)
Interrupt:16 Memory:fe540000-fe560000
dor@ubuntu:~$sudo route -n
[sudo] password for dor:
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 p4p1
10.1.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.248.0 U 0 0 0 em1
192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 p4p1
互联网的门户是10.1.0.1.所以我手动执行以下内容：
dor@ubuntu:~$sudo route del default dor@ubuntu:~$sudo route add default gw 10.1.0.1
这就是我设法上网的方式.
但是,不是每次手动执行此操作,我如何使其永久化？
/ etc / network / interfaces的内容(删除了一些注释行)：
dor@ubuntu:~$cat /etc/network/interfaces
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
auto em1
iface eth5 inet static
address 10.90.90.91
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 10.90.90.90
iface em1 inet static
address 10.1.0.102
netmask 255.255.248.0
gateway 10.1.0.1
我已经阅读了很多次接口和路由手册以及许多谷歌搜索结果,但无法弄清楚这一点.谢谢.
编辑#1,17 Apr 2014 12:11 UTC：
(回应响应者Sobrique)
我编辑文件/ etc / network / interfaces以获得以下内容：
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information,see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
auto em1
#iface em1 inet dhcp
iface eth5 inet static
address 10.90.90.91
netmask 255.255.255.0
# gateway 10.90.90.90
iface p4p1 inet static
address 192.168.1.32
netmask 255.255.255.0
# gateway 192.168.1.22
iface em1 inet static
address 10.1.0.102
netmask 255.255.248.0
gateway 10.1.0.1
现在启动时可立即访问Internet,无需执行任何命令.
问题是我无法访问网络192.168.1.X.
早些时候有一个访问权限.我怎样才能解决这个问题？一些数据：
dor@ubuntu:~$route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 10.1.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 em1
10.1.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.248.0 U 0 0 0 em1
dor@ubuntu:~$ifconfig -a
em1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 44:37:e6:4c:ca:0a
inet addr:10.1.0.102 Bcast:10.1.7.255 Mask:255.255.248.0
inet6 addr: fe80::4637:e6ff:fe4c:ca0a/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:30356 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:329 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:2752089 (2.7 MB) TX bytes:43904 (43.9 KB)
Interrupt:20 Memory:fe600000-fe620000
eth5 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0a:5e:50:cf:1e
BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
Interrupt:20
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:97 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:97 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:8463 (8.4 KB) TX bytes:8463 (8.4 KB)
p4p1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:15:17:0b:6d:1c
BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
Interrupt:16 Memory:fe540000-fe560000
编辑#2,2014年4月20日08:05 UTC：
#p#副标题#e##p#分页标题#e#
最后我编辑文件/ etc / network / interfaces以具有以下配置：
auto em1
iface em1 inet dhcp
auto eth5
iface eth5 inet static
address 10.90.90.91
netmask 255.255.255.0
up route add -net 10.90.90.0/24 dev eth5
auto p4p1
iface p4p1 inet static
address 192.168.1.32
netmask 255.255.255.0
up route add -net 192.168.1.0/24 dev p4p1
它奏效了！看到：
dor@ubuntu:~$route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.1.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 em1 10.1.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.248.0 U 0 0 0 em1 10.90.90.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth5 10.90.90.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth5 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 p4p1 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 p4p1
唯一的问题是那些重复.但它不会干扰任何事情,它仍然有效.
编辑#3,2014年4月20日09:57 UTC：
事实上,正如我所怀疑的,重复是由以下命令引起的：
up route add -net 192.168.1.0/24 dev p4p1
所以我删除了它们.现在一切都很完美.
解决方法
我认为这里的错误是你的配置文件中配置了多个默认网关.它不起作用 – 这是默认的,因为任何没有已知路由的流量都会被发送到那里传递(期望它会知道,或者拥有它自己的默认值).但它没有明确地绑定到特定的接口 – 隐含地会有接口可以到达默认网关,但其他接口不能.
所以我想你需要做的就是删除你的’网关’线,并添加你想要的单一线 – 理想情况下在正确的接口节,但我实际上并不认为它应该重要.